The Conception of Time in William Bucks Mahabharata Essay -- Mahabhar

The Conception of Time in William Buck's Mahabharata      Ã‚   In Hindu philosophy, there is no absolute beginning to the universe and no absolute ending. Therefore, time is not conceived of in a linear fashion as is common in western philosophy. Instead, time is seen as a wheel turning within a larger wheel, and moksha, or the release from this wheel is one of the goals of of the Hindu devotee. In William Buck's Mahabharata, time is viewed by the characters as an enemy of sorts, a personified entity which causes loss. It is the intent of this paper to show how Buck presents a cohesive treatment of the concept of time in has retelling of the Mahabharata story. I would like to explore seven elements of his story and try to explain how they are connected into a meaningful whole.    In order to set the stage, if you will, for Buck's treatment of time, I would like to start by briefly going over how time is a part of the Hindu religion. Time in Hinduism is generally conceived of as a wheel rotating through cycles of sarga (creation) and pralaya (destruction) called kappa cycles. Each kappa cycle is a life of Brahma which lasts 100 Brahmic years or 311,040,000,000,000 human years. At the beginning of each kappa the world is created as Brahma is born and at the end of each the world is destroyed as he dies. Between each kappa, a period of 100 Brahmic years passes before Brahma is born again and the next kappa cycle begins. A further aspect of the kappa cycles is that they are made up of 1000 great aeons which are themselves made up of four yugas (ages). These four ages are Saga Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga which is the present age. Buck uses none of these terms in his work, yet it is clear ... ...s paper is show the cohesion of Buck's treatment of time, which becomes most evident by viewing multiple examples side by side. This is by no means an exhaustive analysis of time in Hindu philosophy, but by considering Buck's text in the context of that philosophy as I have, it becomes clear that it is possible to make that vast amount of knowledge accessible to an audience who may expect little more than a romantic history.       Source Cited: Buck, William. Mahabharata. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973.    Sources Consulted: 1) Organ, Troy W. AThe Hindu Motif.@ Hinduism: Its Historical Development. Woodbury: Barron=s Educational Series, 2) Waterstone, Richard. AIndia: Concepts of Time.@ WWW page. URL http://pathfinder.com/@@xxAIUQcASaX4vvex/twep/Little_Brown/living/india/india_time1.html. 7 January 1997.    The Conception of Time in William Buck's Mahabharata Essay -- Mahabhar The Conception of Time in William Buck's Mahabharata      Ã‚   In Hindu philosophy, there is no absolute beginning to the universe and no absolute ending. Therefore, time is not conceived of in a linear fashion as is common in western philosophy. Instead, time is seen as a wheel turning within a larger wheel, and moksha, or the release from this wheel is one of the goals of of the Hindu devotee. In William Buck's Mahabharata, time is viewed by the characters as an enemy of sorts, a personified entity which causes loss. It is the intent of this paper to show how Buck presents a cohesive treatment of the concept of time in has retelling of the Mahabharata story. I would like to explore seven elements of his story and try to explain how they are connected into a meaningful whole.    In order to set the stage, if you will, for Buck's treatment of time, I would like to start by briefly going over how time is a part of the Hindu religion. Time in Hinduism is generally conceived of as a wheel rotating through cycles of sarga (creation) and pralaya (destruction) called kappa cycles. Each kappa cycle is a life of Brahma which lasts 100 Brahmic years or 311,040,000,000,000 human years. At the beginning of each kappa the world is created as Brahma is born and at the end of each the world is destroyed as he dies. Between each kappa, a period of 100 Brahmic years passes before Brahma is born again and the next kappa cycle begins. A further aspect of the kappa cycles is that they are made up of 1000 great aeons which are themselves made up of four yugas (ages). These four ages are Saga Yuga, Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga which is the present age. Buck uses none of these terms in his work, yet it is clear ... ...s paper is show the cohesion of Buck's treatment of time, which becomes most evident by viewing multiple examples side by side. This is by no means an exhaustive analysis of time in Hindu philosophy, but by considering Buck's text in the context of that philosophy as I have, it becomes clear that it is possible to make that vast amount of knowledge accessible to an audience who may expect little more than a romantic history.       Source Cited: Buck, William. Mahabharata. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973.    Sources Consulted: 1) Organ, Troy W. AThe Hindu Motif.@ Hinduism: Its Historical Development. Woodbury: Barron=s Educational Series, 2) Waterstone, Richard. AIndia: Concepts of Time.@ WWW page. URL http://pathfinder.com/@@xxAIUQcASaX4vvex/twep/Little_Brown/living/india/india_time1.html. 7 January 1997.   

The Placement Of Fibre Post Health And Social Care Essay

The arrangement of fiber station is a good pick for root treated teeth non merely because it strengthens the tooth but because it helps us to construct a probationary or unequivocal Restoration. The fibre stations can be a stuff of pick where aesthetic is the demand. They have high tensile strength and a modulus of snap similar to that of dentine. The fiber station is a inactive station which does non actively prosecute with dentine, hence adhesives and rosin cements are required to repair fibre stations in topographic point. However, adhesion of fibre stations depends on assorted factors including the features of root dentine, type of rosin cement, type of visible radiation, strength of visible radiation and the continuance of visible radiation. In an effort to get the better of these jobs, dual-cure rosin cements and adhesives are the stuffs of pick for adhering fibre stations with root dentine. However, few of the double remedy rosin cements still depend on visible radiation for t heir activation. To let the visible radiation to perforate in the internal facet of the root, glass fiber stations and quartz fiber stations are used as they allow the transmittal of visible radiation to the deepness of the root canal therefore leting the rosin cements to polymerise deep in the canal. Several surveies have been performed to measure the grade of polymerisation or transition values of rosin cements but most of these surveies used the microhardness trial instead than the more dependable Fourier transform infrared trial ( FTIR ) . Furthermore, most of these surveies were non performed in the root canals. The success of endodontic intervention non merely depends on the quality of intervention but besides on the quality of prosthetic device being placed to reconstruct the losing tooth construction. The structural loss of the tooth due to trauma, carries or both makes the tooth more prone to break. Therefore, station is placed in a prepared root canal infinite of a tooth with heavy structural loss to counterbalance for the loss of tooth construction. Some writers and clinicians suggest that the station provides strength to the tooth, while others suggest that the station makes the tooth weak due to the readying of the station infinite. However, many surveies support that the station should be placed in a tooth with heavy loss so that it can supply keeping for meantime or concluding coronal Restoration. Ideally, the station should hold the undermentioned belongingss: By and large, a station is placed into a tooth to retain a nucleus. A tooth which is to a great extent broken down frequently requires a station as the bing tooth construction is deficient and weak to retain the coronal Restoration. However, the readying of station infinite causes unneeded tooth devastation which may take to tooth break. Therefore, the arrangement of station should be considered where other options are non convenient.The determination to utilize a station depends on the staying tooth construction, place of the tooth in the dental arch and the functional demand of the tooth. A categorization described by Peroz in 2005 was formulated to measure the sum of staying tooth construction. Tooth with 1 axial wall missing is referred as category II normally known as Mesio-Occlusal or Disto-Occlusal pit, while tooth with 2 losing axial walls is described as category III normally known as Mesio-Ocluso-Distal ( MOD ) . If the staying axial walls in category II and III are greater than 1 millimeters so a station is non normally indicated as there is sufficient coronal construction nowadays to back up the Restoration. A survey performed by Steele and Johnson in 1999 showed addition in fracture opposition of category II and category III when they were restored with composite and amalgam merely. Class IV is described as a tooth holding merely 1 axial wall left. There is no addition in break opposition when a Restoration is placed. Therefore, arrangement of station is normally suggested in such scenarios. However, esthetically, non-metallic stations are preferred for anterior dentitions while for posterior dentitions either metallic or non-metallic station can be inserted. A tooth which has no staying axial wall or a tooth which is wholly decoronated is described as Class V. The interpolation of station becomes necessary in such instances as there is non adequate tooth construction which can back up the coronal Restoration. Furthermore, the collet plays an of import function in defying break in such type of instances. Ferrule is defined as a set of metal that wholly encircles 1-2 millimeter of sound tooth construction which resist longitudinal break. In 2001, Bolhuis stated that the crown collet is more of import than the station and nucleus. Metallic stations are stong and stiff, normally made of unstained steel, nickel Cr metals, Ti, Ti metals or gold plated brass.Stainless steel has a long history of use but it can do nickel sensitiveness in females due to the presence of Ni. Furthermore, Stainless steel can eat over clip. Therefore, Ti stations were introduced to get the better of corrosion. However, Ti and Ti metals have hapless compressive and flexural strength as compared to stainless steel, therefore they can non be used in thin roots. In add-on, Ti station may be hard to observe on radiogram due to similar denseness as that of gutta-percha and sealant.6.1.2. Non-Metallic PostsHistorically, during the old ages 1603 – 1867, Nipponese restored dentitions with wooden station and nucleus. However, due to hapless strength and break of wooden station, cast metal stations were introduce. In 1988, Duret came with the thought of non-metallic station and was deployed in Europe in the 1990s. Fibre stations can be smoo th or serrated depending on their surface features.6.1.2.1. Carbon fibre stationCarbon fiber stations are besides called C fiber-reinforced epoxy rosin stations. They consist of epoxy rosin which is reinforced with unidirectional C fibers parallel to the perpendicular axis of the station. The C fibers are made by the remotion of H, N and O from polyacrylonitrile by heating at 250C in air, followed by heating at 1200C in inert ambiance. The diameter of each fiber is 7-10Â µm, while harmonizing to weight, the fibers constitute upto 64 % of the entire weight of the station. Originally, C fiber stations were black in colour, but due to esthetic consciousness they are available in white colour besides. Furthermore, these stations were originally radiolucent but now they are available as radiopaque besides. Main advantage of C fiber station is the ability to successfully bond to dentine and modulus of snap similar to dentine i.e between 1- 4-106 pounds per square inch. Many Studies have shown increased strength of C fiber stations, while other surveies suggest their strength is less when compared with metal stations. Furthermore, few surveies have shown that C fiber station increase the fracture opposition of tooth, while other surveies report the opposite. In 2007, Ferrari reported 7.2 % of clinical failure rate of C fiber stations after 7-11 old ages. Failures were largely due to root break, crown debonding, periapical infection and periodontal disease. However, different surveies show different failure rates.6.1.2.2. Glass Fibre PostDue to dark colour of C fiber station, glass fiber stations were introduced. These stations are besides called fiber-reinforced epoxy rosin stations and are made up of glass or silicon oxide. Different types of glass can be use to do glass fiber station including vitreous silica fiber, electrical glass or high strength glass. However, the strength of the station depends on higher content of glass fibers. In a clinical survey, Ferrari ( 2000 ) placed 249 glass fiber station and observed 4.4 % failure rate over a period of 6 old ages. Another survey performed by Cagidiaco in 2007 showed 7.4 % failure after 2 old ages. Furthermore, Naumann ( 2007 ) placed 41 glass fiber station and found no failure during 3 old ages. Most common failure were relaxation of the stations, periapical infection, tooth break, debonding of Crown and break of stations.6.1.2.3. Zirconia stationIn 1995, mayenberg introduced zirconia station with a flexural strength of 900-1200 MPa. Zirconia stations have high break stamina, high strength and corrosion opposition and are made up of tetragonal polycrystalline zirconium oxide with 3 % mol Y oxide ( Y2O3 ) called Yttrium-stabilized tetragonal polycrystalline zirconium oxide ( Y-TPZ ) . Y-TPZ is 0.5Â µm in diameter, supplying smoothness and stamina to the joggle. However, due to smooth surface, the station does non organize a good bond with composite rosin and all ceramic Crowns. Furthermore, t here was no addition in bond strength even after the station was acid etched or salanized. Matinlinna ( 2004 ) stated that bond strength between station and composite rosin can be increased by tribochemical silicon oxide coating. The chief drawback of zirconium oxide station is that it can non be retrieved as it can non be grinded and supersonic remotion consequences in temperature rise. In 2004, Paul evaluated 145 zirconium oxide stations over a period of 9 old ages and reported no clinical failure when a direct composite Restoration with zirconium oxide station was placed, while there was 9 % failure in joggles with glass-ceramic nucleus Restorations. All failures were due to post debonding.6.2. Custom Cast PostThe most normally used stuff for usage station is cast gilded metal holding a comparable thermic enlargement and modulus of snap ( 14.5-106 ) to enamel. Furthermore, it is strong plenty to bear occlusal forces. However, arrangement of usage dramatis personae station require multiple visits and due to metal demoing from ceramic Restoration, the esthetics are compromised. Silver-palladium metals and high Pd content metals are besides used for usage dramatis personae station but they have inferior mechanical belongingss when compared with gold metals. Custom cast stations may be indicated when misaligned teeth require stations, inability to present antirotational characteristics in dentitions with less coronal construction or multiple dentitions necessitating stations.In 1989, Bergman reported 91 % success rate of usage dramatis personae station after 6 old ages.

Romes Legacy of Gladiators Essay - 900 Words

Gladiators Rome had many great things, especially within their love of brutality. Many of the Roman people enjoyed to take a break from their hard, ancient, lives and watch some grown men battle people, lions, tigers, and bears to the death (oh my!). Gladiators were a huge part of the Roman society and a large part of Roman culture. The people of Rome loved gladiator battles. The Roman coliseum was built in order to fit the standards of a bloody, brutal battle while also being able to keep thousands of Roman citizens comfortable and entertained. Gladiators were usually prisoners of war brought from conquered regions, as well as Christians and criminals accused for harness crimes including: thievery, rape, and murder. Gladiators were†¦show more content†¦They had many things that we as Americans utilize in our current culture. Many of the main Roman influences include government, art, entertainment, and construction. Roman government is the origin for all of our current gov ernment system. The Romans has three branches of government: the legislative, the executive, and the judicial. The executive had two councils that decided on pretty much every affair within the empire. In the legislative branch was a senate, which advised the executive branch. Lastly in the judicial they had a Supreme Court. Also there was a written law consisting of twelve tablets that gave allowed the citizens to know their rights. As one can tell, the Roman system of government is much like the one currently residing in the United States of America. Americans built many of the buildings in Washington DC like the Romans did. The use of specific types of column and arches with the use of marble and concrete made the buildings look much like the ones used in Rome almost two-thousand and thirteen years ago. Art also made a huge impact on American society. Both Rome and America used realistic people and realistic nature for their pictures. Entertainment wise the people of Rome and the people of American share some what the same interest in the same things. For example gladiators and horse races evolved to boxing and Nascar. Also physically demanding thingsShow MoreRelatedThe Legacy of Rome Essay998 Words   |  4 PagesRoman Gladiators were a highly trained group of people who fought against other gladiators and animals in the Roman coliseums. Most gladiators were slaves captured from other countries that Rome fought. Once Rome conquested their lands, the gladiators were taken prisoner and escorted back to Rome. Once in Rome, they went to the ludus gladiatorius, or Gladiator school, to be trained. Training was supervised by a lanista, or â€Å"butcher† who frequently abused the gladiators both physically and mentallyRead MoreA Brief Note On The Punic Wars And Rome1713 Words   |  7 Pages In the First Punic War, Rome defeated the Carthaginians at sea and Sicily became Rome’s first overseas province (History.com Staff). This First War ended with Rome in control of Sicily and Corsica resulting in the Roman Empire’s rise to a naval power in addition to land power (History.com Staff). While the Carthaginian general Hannibal scored several victories in the Second Punic War, he was defeated by Rome’s Scipio Africanus in 202 B.C. Rome gained control of the western Mediterranean and SpainRead MoreAncient Roman Civilization And Modern Times936 Words   |  4 Pagesthe modern tourist to experience the ancient civilization through much of what Ancient Rome’s engineers enduring achievements, namely, temples, baths, aqueducts and roads (Temin, The economy of the early Roman Empire, 2006). Beyond the physical structures that survived the millennia, there are numerous modern cultural influences that are readily seen in everything from popular culture with extensive gladiator movies to the architecture of the nation’s capital building (James, 2008). However, theRead More The Roman Empire and Its Influence on Western Civilization Essay1489 Words   |  6 PagesThe Roman Empire and Its Influence on Western Civilization   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Romes vast empire lasted for an amazing one thousand-year reign. Half of it referred to as the republic, and the other as the empire. However, after its fall in 5oo-a.d. Rome has still remained in existence through its strong culture, architecture, literature, and even religion (Spielvogel 175). Even after its disappearance as a nation Rome left behind a legacy that will never be forgotten. 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Romulus then kills Remus for leadership II. The Time of The Kings a. Real founders of Rome was a tribe called the Latins i. Rome’s position on the Tiber was very advantageous ii. Only Trading ships could navigate the river no fleets. iii. They could only go as far as Rome but no further iv. Served as a commercial port safe from attacks b. Had a Patriarchal King who exercisedRead More Roman Architecture Essay2647 Words   |  11 Pagesdeveloped into a thriving Republic. As in most cultures, Romes buildings became more elaborate and impressive. They developed fantastic building technologies and ideas. The feats of Roman engineers were groundbreaking, and many structures built by this culture still stand today. With knowledge borrowed from the Greeks, Rome made impressive architectural achievements, these were namely major attributes of buildings, colossal structures, and a legacy that would influence later buildings (Cornell and MatthewsRead More Julius Caesar Essay2437 Words   |  10 Pages Julius Caesar’s legacy and attributes are just as robust today as they were in his time. From the time he took power to the time of his death he accomplished more than many other men would have done in a lifetime. He brought the Roman Empire to its height and from his death on, the Empire did nothing but fall. He was one of the world’s greatest leaders and probably the best. At the age of 15 Caesar became head of his family when his father died in 85bc. His family wanted him to pursue a religious

free trade and protectionism - 1169 Words

Free trade and protectionism Free trade: It takes place between countries when there are no barriers to trade put in place by governments or international organization. Good and services are allowed to move freely between countries Pros Cons Protecting domestic employment Protecting the economy from low cost labour Protecting an infant (sunrise) industry To avoid the risks of over-specialization Strategic reasons To prevent dumping To protect product standards To raise government revenues To correct a balance of payments deficit Arguments against protectionism OTHERS : Red Tape Health and Safety standards Embargoes Nationalistic campaigns Protecting domestic employment industries that are in decline -†¦show more content†¦Any change in the world markets for these products might have serious consequences for the country’s economy. Strategic reasons protected in case they are at times of war (agriculture or steel) protected in order to stay competitive unlikely that they will not be in war ex US they wont go to war and if they do not on our turf they now have nuclear weapons that they can use. To prevent dumping Dumping is the selling by a country of large quantities of a commodity, at a price lower than its production cost in another country. How can you prove dumping. If they can’t then is dumping a valid answer.not going to have access to their notes. WTO May ruin the domestic producers in the developing country. Where countries can prove that their industries have been severely damaged by dumping, their gov. are allowed, to impose anti-dumping measures to reduce damage. Gov. that subsidizes domestic industry may actually support dumping. To protect product standards on imported goods for safety and match the standards of the domestic goods. the cost involved in meeting the product standard - trade barrier particular concern for producers in developed countries. (great cost and getting appropriate approval and documentation to prove that the standards have been met are extremely high). producers in develop. countries at a disadvantage - harder to exploit their comparative advantage successfully. STDF - help developingShow MoreRelatedFree Trade vs Protectionism3918 Words   |  16 PagesOne of the greatest international economic debates of all time has been the issue of free trade versus protectionism. Proponents of free trade believe in opening the global market, with as few restrictions on trade as possible. Proponents of protectionism believe in concentrating on the welfare of the domestic economy by limiting the open-market policy of the United States. However, what effects does this policy have for the international market and the other respective countries in this marketRead MoreProtectionism Vs. Free Trade1869 Words   |  8 PagesProtectionism vs Free Trade The model of a country’s trade regulations, rules, and openness to trade can generally be classified under two ordeals, which are protectionism and free trade. A country that chooses to have a closed barrier of entry for imports and generally refuses to take part in the world trading system is said to be practicing protectionism, which is when a country doesn’t open their economy for the world (Hill, 2015). On the other hand, a country that welcomes foreign firms andRead MoreFree Trade Vs. Protectionism952 Words   |  4 Pagesconcepts of free trade and protectionism, the benefits of each of the different policies and cases in which such policies are used, as well as conflicts generated by those political decisions. Then, discuss the terms of international competitiveness so, with both approaches, I can establish a conclusion to the question. Free trade vs. Protectionism General Introduction to the concepts The free trade are the existing agreements between various countries to significantly reduce trade barriers amongRead MoreThe Choice: A Fable of Free Trade and Protectionism861 Words   |  4 PagesBook Review: The Choice: A Fable of Free Trade and Protectionism In the acclaimed novel, The Choice: A Fable of Free Trade and Protectionism, author Russell Roberts, an economist and writer, tells a fictional story that enlightens readers to the wonders of the economic system. Russell provides an insightful, thought provoking story that illustrates protectionism and free trade, while making the concepts and arguments easy to comprehend. The story is told through dialogue with two main charactersRead MoreProtectionism and Free Trade in America Essay2087 Words   |  9 Pagesargument regarding protectionism and free trade in America can be traced back to our Founding Fathers. The first significant legislation passed by the First congress in 1789 and signed into law by President Washington on July Fourth was a protectionist tariff that provided for over 90 percent of the revenues to operate the new government and encouraged the building of industries and development of family farms. In contrast, Benjamin Franklin, who understood the danger of trade restrictions said,Read MoreThe Choice : A Fable Of Free Trade And Protectionism1295 Words   |  6 PagesThe Choice: A Fable of Free Trade and Protectionism, written by Russell Roberts, is a non-fictional story based around the topics of international trade. The novel’s title does convey what the book is about in a broad sense but is further understood on its accur acy when it is finished. Terminology included simpler words than those of economists so the concepts could be understandable by an average person. There are two main characters in the book, Ed Johnson and David Ricardo. Ed Johnson is the presidentRead MoreEssay about Free Trade vs Protectionism3981 Words   |  16 PagesFree Trade vs Protectionism One of the greatest international economic debates of all time has been the issue of free trade versus protectionism. Proponents of free trade believe in opening the global market, with as few restrictions on trade as possible. Proponents of protectionism believe in concentrating on the welfare of the domestic economy by limiting the open-market policy of the United States. However, what effects does this policy have for the international market and the other respectiveRead MoreFree Trade vs Protectionism Essay3022 Words   |  13 PagesContent page pages Question one 1.1 identify all stakeholders 2 1.2 Unitarian perspective 3 1.3 Maxim of duties 1.4 clashes of rights 4 1.5 an alternative ethical approach Question two Read MoreDifference Between Free Trade and Protectionism Anf Methods of Protectionsim897 Words   |  4 PagesFREE TRADE Free trade is a policy by which a government does not discriminate against imports or interfere with exports by applying tariffs (to imports) or subsidies (to exports) or quotas. According to the law of comparative advantage, the policy permits trading partners mutual gains from trade of goods and services. Under a free trade policy, prices emerge from supply and demand, and are the sole determinant of resource allocation. Free trade differs from other forms of trade policy whereRead MoreThe Media Item You Chose?1143 Words   |  5 PagesTransatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, or TTIP. The main supporter of the TTIP in the cartoon is Barack Obama holding an apple out to Angela Merkel, looks undecided on taking the apple. What is the creator’s viewpoint on the issue? What details in the resource support the author’s claim? Provide evidence from the item to support your response. The creator has a viewpoint that many of the consumers and companies in Germany are opposed to accepting the Transpacific Trade and Investment

The Career Of Information Technology - 1455 Words

A career in Information technology (IT), specifically, software development requires various core skills and soft skills that will help in breaking out in the industry. There are various ways to enter this field, as there are several roles surrounding IT or facilitating development. Depending on the role, employers usually require relevant skills and experience relating to development in their candidates. It is therefore important to know what is necessary to put on a resume, and what employers look for. Once in the software industry, it is also important to know what it takes to be successful in it. Working in such industry carries some advantages and disadvantages which can give insight into what working in this career can be like. There are also events, and professional associations that provide information and workshops that assist in entering the software industry. Software development roles are not restricted to just a few roles, therefore there are different ways individuals can enter the industry. There are many aspects to software engineering, that go from making an application robust and user friendly, to completing a project on time and effectively. Martin, a senior systems analyst at Tennis Australia (TA) came into this field with a software engineering degree, who is now responsible for developing database applications that are employed during the Australian Open. An IT systems administrator entered the industry through a bachelor’s degree in network designShow MoreRelatedInformation Technology Career Review793 Words   |  4 PagesPortfolio Project Professional Plan Bryant amp; Stratton College Southtowns Campus James Armstrong Network Security Mrs. Sedor March 19, 2014 This paper examines different aspects of the Information Technology field and related career paths. 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Writing in this career is about communicating with the employees, and the managerRead MoreCareers in Information Technology Essay2314 Words   |  10 PagesAn Explorati on of Careers in Information Technology Info 103: Computer Literacy January 26, 2010 An Exploration of Careers in Information Technology At the beginning of my computer information course I was presented with challenge of writing a research paper. We were given several topics to choose from and I chose the topic of careers in information technology. The focus will be on the computer support specialist, the database administrator, the network and computer systems administratorRead MoreMy Career As An Information Technology Professional1758 Words   |  8 PagesMy career as an Information Technology professional has spanned 25 years at two companies (three years at the first, and the rest with my current employer). In those 25 years, I have reported to many people. They have all formally held the title of â€Å"Manager,† but very few of them have been worthy of being called a â€Å"Leader.† By definition, a leader provides leadership. But then â€Å"leadership† itself, I suppose, is open for interpretation. Some would say a leader is one who simply gives orders andRead MoreStatement of Purpose: A Career in Health Information Technology1065 Words   |  5 PagesProfessional Studies in Technology Management (Health Information Technology) program at Georgetown University for the summer 2014 session, keeping in mind my future objectives of doing a PhD in Health Information Technology. My desire and enthusiasm for further study and research is motivated by professional goals and intellectual curiosity. I would like to pursue a career in the development of new Health-IT systems, especially remote monitoring technologies, technology-supported translation servicesRead MoreImportance of Interpersonal communications in Information Technology Career907 Words   |  4 PagesInterpersonal communications can be a very important part of a person’s professional succ ess. Information Technology is an industry that relies on certain areas of communication. Wendy, the person I interviewed, emphasized the importance that people in her industry must be up to date (educated) on the constant changes. Communication, gaining communication and interpersonal skills is again such an easier said than done skill for any profession. Communication is such an essential skill it couldRead MoreStatement of Purpose: A Career in Information Technology Essay626 Words   |  3 Pagesearly in their careers and with a marked level of focal point. 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However, when I started working in a field that I found uninteresting, it helped me to discover my passion for technology. This became an important element in selecting information technology as my career.    Exploring different careers fields

Paper Issues †Mobile Ecommerce Free Essays

string(32) " vulnerable to being corrupted\." S30057544 Christopher Navarro Atarama S30057544 Christopher Navarro Atarama Mobile E-Commerce ITECH 3212 E-commerce 2 – Assignment 1 Mobile E-Commerce ITECH 3212 E-commerce 2 – Assignment 1 Table of Contents 1Abstract2 2Introduction2 3Definitions2 4Mobile E-commerce infrastructure3 5Privacy issues4 6Security issues4 7Mobile Client Device Technologies and Issues5 8Mobile devices applications issues6 9Bibliography7 * Abstract The following report is a document made with the intention of accomplishes the first assignment of E-Commerce 2 course of the University of Ballarat at IIBIT Sydney. The aim of this report is give a general overview about Mobile E-Commerce or M-Commerce and its different issues in the actuality. Introduction Day by day, new technologies come up bringing new ways of communication and interconnection, using the great network: Internet. We will write a custom essay sample on Paper Issues – Mobile Ecommerce or any similar topic only for you Order Now This network, in addition, opens a wide door of electronic business opportunities known as E-Commerce (Roehl-Anderson, 2010). In the actuality, and with the development of new technologies in mobile devices area, make electronic commerce is more accessible, fast and mobile (Antovski Gusev, 2009). This new E-business model is known as Mobile E-commerce or M-Ecommerce. According with Antovski Gusev (2009), M-Commerce is defined as any transaction with monetary value that is conducted via a mobile telecommunications network. M-Commerce like Ecommerce can be B2B (business to business), P2P (person to person) or B2C (business to customer) oriented. The framework divides into couple sub areas based on user’s distribution criterion. Mobile Ecommerce addresses electronic commerce via mobile devices, where the consumer is not in physical or eye contact with the goods that are being purchased. Definitions Mobile Devices: Also referred to as handheld devices, are generally poket-sized devices with computing capabilities (including smartphones, PDAs, etc. ). These devices generally offer robust functionality without the restriction associated with heavier, tethered equipped (Harris, 2010). E-commerce: E-commerce (electronic commerce or EC) is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet, especially the World Wide Web. In practice, this term and a newer term,  e-business, are often used interchangeably. For online retail selling, the term  e-tailing  is sometimes used (Harris, 2010). Smartphone: A cellular telephone with built-in applications and Internet access. Smartphones provide digital voice service as well as text messaging, e-mail, Web browsing, still and video cameras, MP3 player, video viewing and often video calling. In addition to their built-in functions, smartphones can run myriad applications, turning the once single-minded cellphone into a mobile computer. Mobile E-commerce infrastructure The mobile e-commerce evolution is being fuelled by the same forces that enabled ecommerce by PC users (Buccafurri, 2010). According with Antovski Gusev (2009), there has been considerable investment in mobile e-commerce by banks, hardware providers, cellular operators, and content providers that is leading mobile consumers to eventually have the same satisfactory experience, in terms of content and variety, that they have come to appreciate from their PC Several banking projects are underway to fund the payment architecture needed to address the mobile consumer. MasterCard International announced in May, 2000 that it would launch a fund for start-ups and established companies dedicated to the development of new roducts and services involving smart cards, e-commerce and m-commerce that strategically supports MasterCard’s member institutions (Winter, 2010). Visa, likewise, announced it was teaming up with Cyberbills and Aether Systems to create an â€Å"anytime, anywhere bill payment service†. Credit Mutual, a French bank, is teaming up with MasterCard International and Europay Internationa l on an EMV-compliant mobile commerce pilot in France. Included in this global agreement are hardware providers France Telecom, Oberthur Card Systems, and Motorola. Other pilots are planned in Germany, Canada, Australia, Hong Kong, the UK and the US. Hardware companies are equally important stakeholders in the mobile commerce revolution (Buccafurri, 2010). Efforts are underway in developing standards and forming partnerships and consortiums between industry leaders to establish the platform for building the mobile commerce industry. Cellular handset manufacturers are leading this effort with developing next generation digital phones that will carry voice and data over new communications networks that will rival the wired market for transmission speeds and internet access. The big three; Ericsson, Nokia, and Motorola control over 50% of the handset market worldwide. They have formed an alliance called the Global M-commerce Standard. The objective of this alliance is to develop standards that will reduce the time to market for hardware, applications, and communications. Analysts predict that by 2003, there will be more cell phones that are capable of accessing the Internet than PCs. The ability of the cellular industry to quickly achieve worldwide standards like GSM, WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) and WAN (Wireless Application Network) has contributed to position they find themselves in leading the mobile commerce revolution. The consortium has wisely included operators and financial institutions into the mix to make sure the services will keep up with the technology (Australian Interactive Media Industry Association, 2009). Privacy issues Privacy issues have always been a key reason for potential online consumers to avoid E-Commerce (Jun Xu, 2010). In the early days of E-commerce, a significant fraction of consumers thought that credit cards could be â€Å"snatched† off the Internet. Solid encryption technologies have reduced most of those fears, and for the most part, new consumers don’t orry about losing credit cards while online (Cruz-Cunha, 2010). However, there remains some very real privacy issues associated with conducting transactions electronically, which may be exacerbated with the capacity to undertake mobile transactions. These include unauthorized access to stored data, especially personal information and transaction history. Security issues According to Francesco Buccafurri (2 010), securing m-commerce may be even more difficult than protecting wired transaction. Constrained bandwidth and computing power, memory limitations, battery life and various network configurations all come into play, raise the questions as to whether there will be adequate security for users without compromising the ease of use and speed. In the use of text messaging, a number of security issues have already been identified, and will extend to the use of m-commerce (Buccafurri, 2010). While a direct SMS message is relatively safe because it is encrypted for its transition from one mobile handset to the other, because of its store forward nature, messages are vulnerable to being corrupted. You read "Paper Issues – Mobile Ecommerce" in category "Essay examples" Like voice messages, SMS’ are stored on a server before being forwarded to the receiver. There is no mandatory encryption and access protection for storage. The only way to secure the entire transmission would be with end-to-end encryption. Messages exchanged between two service providers can also be violated in transit if the link between the two networks is not protected. If this information is payment details or authorities to make transactions, there is even more danger (Lee, 2009). The reliability of SMS messages is also in question. Unlike in Europe, where message delivery confirmation can be obtained by pressing a three-digit code, no confirmation is issued in Australia. The capacity to check and ensure that sent messages are received will be essential to build and maintain trust in the use of m-commerce. Mobile technologies manufacturers are developing improved security for applications with authentication and encryption technologies. However, there are two trade-offs for increased security, namely price and style (Cruz-Cunha, 2010). Mobile Client Device Technologies and Issues According to Antovski Gusev (2009), the interactivity devices or mobile client devices currently most important to mobile e-commerce are mobile telephones, handheld computers, laptop computers, and vehicle-mounted interfaces. Hybrid devices are now appearing, such as the crosses between mobile phones and handheld devices (sometimes called smartphones), but the question remains as to what form the devices will ultimately take, which is an important issue for mobile system developers. Usability will become more critical with handheld and phone devices, which differ from desktop and laptop computers in terms of their smaller screen sizes, less available memory, and limited input devices (Antovski Gusev, 2009). Many handheld devices are limited to a few lines of text, and do not have traditional keyboards. One usability issue is the need for organizations to determine how people can best use applications and access information through different devices. Mobile devices have forced developers to carefully revisit both operating systems and applications software on a variety of platforms (Jun Xu, 2010). Operating systems such as Microsoft’s Pocket PC and Palm’s PalmOS have been developed for handheld devices. Although this software meets some of the current needs, it has limited functionality. The creation of system software with increased functionality for devices with limited capabilities will be an ongoing challenge. Another important building block for this emerging infrastructure landscape may be the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), which enables wireless devices such as mobile phones to access the Internet (Kr. Sharma, Sharma, Raj, 2011). Many WAP-enabled devices have already appeared, although there is doubt as to whether WAP will become a globally accepted standard, especially with the popularity of Japan’s i-mode. Developers ultimately face the issue of deciding which set of protocols to accept, or risk the potential problems of working with multiple standards and/or choosing to ignore some. Mobile devices applications issues Many of mobile devices applications are currently constrained by technology limitations and issues described previously. According Juhnyoung Lee (2009), there are two fundamental application issues that researchers and developers must address are what tasks do users want to do without regard for temporal or spatial constraints and how to provide support for these tasks through wireless applications. Mobile e-commerce payment systems can also benefit from wireless technology (Skeldon, 2011). One scenario involves a consumer not having to stand in line to make a purchase, but simply paying for an item though a wireless device. Final payments might even be billed to a telephone company. Bluetooth technology may enable a list of available services to be generated automatically on a device when a user walks close to a Bluetooth-equipped cash register. Wireless technology is well suited for bringing e-commerce to automobiles and other forms of transportation (Lee, 2009). Traffic advisory systems can warn of impending traffic jams. Cars will eventually be able to report potential problems to service centres themselves. The service centre might even make minor adjustments to the car online. Car-mounted devices will eventually allow regular Internet access, although safety issues of â€Å"browsing while driving† must be addressed. While most initial mobile commerce applications seem to be aimed at the business-to-consumer market, business-to-business and intranet applications are also appearing (Lee, 2009). Service technicians can be dynamically assigned new tasks and sent problem information while they are traveling. Sales people can go literally anywhere in the field and access product information and customer accounts, although the applications right now are still subject to the constraints of current wireless devices. Organizations must address the issue of designing complex, robust applications that work well within these current (and any foreseeable) device limitations. Flexibility can be integrated into designs to enable future functionality. Conclusions Mobile electronic commerce enables the consumer to be able to conduct their business while on the move. In today’s fast-paced society, people are always looking to do everything on the go and do not want to be slowed down. Also, as technology changes throughout the years, people are now looking for their mobile devices to perform more tasks than ever before. It seems logical for people to want access to the Internet through their mobile devices and to want to take care of their business through these devices. Through the origin of mobile electronic commerce, people are now able to conduct their business over the Internet without having to sit in front of their computer all day. This saves consumers time because they no longer have to be logged onto their personal computer at home or work. This allows consumers to be mobile and on the go. But, mobile electronic commerce has also helped the companies as well. Bibliography Antovski, L. , Gusev, M. (2009). M-Commerce Services. Retrieved August 09, 2011, from http://delab. csd. auth. gr/bci1/Balkan/15Antovski. pdf Australian Interactive Media Industry Association. (2009). Australian Mobile Phone lifestyle index. Buccafurri, F. (2010). E-Commerce and Web Technologies: 11th International Conference, EC-Web 2010, Bilbao, Spain, September 1-3, 2010, Proceedings. Springer. Cook, A. , Goette, T. (2009). Mobile Electronic Commerce: What Is It? Who Uses It? And Why Use It? . Communications of the IIMA . Cruz-Cunha, M. M. (2010). E-Business Issues, Challenges and Opportunities for SMEs: Driving Competitiveness. Idea Group Inc (IGI). Encyclopedia. (n. d. ). Retrieved August 10, 2011, from PCMag. com: http://www. pcmag. com/encyclopedia_term/0,2542,t=Smartphonei=51537,00. asp Harris, C. (2010, September). Ebook glossary. Retrieved August 10, 2011, from Library Journal: http://www. libraryjournal. com/lj/articlereview/886887-457/the_lj_ebook_glossary. html. csp Jun Xu, M. Q. (2010). E-business in the 21st century: realities, challenges and outlook. World Scientific. Kr. Sharma, R. , Sharma, R. , Raj, S. (2011). CONFRONTS AND ISSUES IN M-COMMERCE: A BUSINESS ON MOBILE AND NET APPROACH. International Journal of Information Technology and Knowledge Management. Lee, J. (2009). Data engineering issues in e-commerce and services: second international workshop, DEECS 2009, San Francisco, CA, USA, June 26, 2006 : proceedings. San Fransisco: Springer. Roehl-Anderson, J. M. (2010). IT Best Practices for Financial Managers. John Wiley and Sons. Skeldon, P. (2011). M-Commerce. Crimson Publishing, Limited. Winter, R. (2010). Global Perspectives on Design Science Research: 5th International Conference, DESRIST 2010, St. Gallen, Switzerland, June 4-5, 2010. Proceedings. Springer. 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Doll House Essay Research Paper Social Criticism free essay sample

Doll House Essay, Research Paper Social Criticism in A Doll? s House In A Doll? s House, Ibsen as he frequently does, knock society and the ways of life in that clip. Ibsen shows this in Torvold? s overpowering power and control over Nora. This is besides seen in the manner that Women are weakened by society. Lastly it is shown in the manner that Torvold tries to keep a good repute to the populace. Ibsen critics many different facets of society from the manner that the male figure is so dominant in matrimony, following how the adult female does non hold much of a function in society, and eventually how repute is more of import than ethical motives. First is the manner that the matrimony between Torvold and Nora is put to dishonor due to the overmastering actions of Torvold. One illustration of Torvold? s laterality was his ban of macaroons in the house. We will write a custom essay sample on Doll House Essay Research Paper Social Criticism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another was the manner that he dressed her for the Costume party. All this clip Nora had reasonably much been loyal and listened to all of what Torvold had said, and so the one clip that Torvold cold have been loyal to Nora and believed her and been on her side he didn? T and alternatively was believing about himself. This shows how much of a nonreversible matrimony it was and how it was a mock on society, chiefly the ways of the upper category. Following is the unfavorable judgment of the function of the adult females in society. It was fundamentally a clip where the adult female could non make anything for herself. An illustration of this from the book is the loan that Nora took out to salvage Torvold? s life. Nora could non take out the loan herself due to the fact that she was a adult females and lone work forces could take out loans, a adult females could merely take out a loan if they had the consent of a hubby or a male parent. Due to the fact that she was making this for Torvold she went in front and forged the paperss cognizing that it was incorrect and could stop up acquiring her into problem. This was a entire jeer on society due to fact that even though Nora was making this to salvage the life of her hubby she non merely was non aloud to make it but so Torvold found out he was non happy she saved his life but huffy about what it could make to him. Therefore demoing the really weak function of adult females in soc iety by stating that Torvold would hold instead died so hold a adult females save him. Last is the thought that in the upper category of society the most of import portion of your life is how others portray you, conveying me to my following subject which is how Torvold # 8217 ; s repute was more of import than his household life and ethical motives. As was sad before Nora had been really loyal to him for the old ages of their matrimony and so when it came to the point where Torvold could return the favour to Nora by supporting her and he was more concerned with doing certain it doesn? t acquire out so that his repute would non be ruined. Ibsen is knocking the societal ways in this state of affairs due to the superficiality of the upper category in covering with this kind of job. Another writer that criticizes society in his work is Harper Lee. In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird Lee does a great occupation at seting down and mocking society. The difference between Ibsen # 8217 ; s unfavorable judgment and Lee unfavorable judgment was that while Ibsen focused on the upper category, Lee? s unfavorable judgment is focused more towards the lower category. An illustration of unfavorable judgment in the novel is the manner that a black individual of that clip and topographic point was unjustly accused of a offense merely because the colour of his tegument, and even if their was grounds to back up and turn out him innocent the jury of all white work forces would likely convict him one time once more because the colour of his tegument. This besides brings up the fact that even though Atticus Finch was a attorney and it was his occupation to support the suspect, he was still pressured by the white community even to the point where his life was threatened merely for m aking his occupation. Although this is merely a couple illustrations of unfavorable judgment it gives a similar thought to that of Ibsen, being that society is full of defects and the merely they can be changed is by unfavorable judgment to seek to link to the societal ways and alter them. In decision Ibsen criticizes a broad scope of societal issues of the clip. Now although there are three different illustrations of his unfavorable judgment at that place seems to be a relationship between the three, and that is the fact that they are all mocking the ways of the upper category. From holding a sham and overmastering nonreversible matrimony to being forge to continue 1s repute to the missing function of adult females in society Ibsen manage to make a good occupation of mocking the ways of life so. Finally even though it was likely non merely the upper category for the interest of statements we will state that it was and the illustrations and statements that I have presented all lead to one thing and that is that the upper category in society is non merely forge in their actions, and to the point of the adult females? s axial rotation to be so minuscule, but besides really concerned with others sentiments.